For example, two circuits using independent power source and operating of different voltage levels. Signal level isolation is required where two circuits of different nature are communicating with each other using some type of signal. In this article we will learn about the different types of isolation, how they work and where to use them in our designs. There are several types of galvanic isolation techniques and choosing the right one depends on the type of isolation, withstanding capacity, application requirements and obviously, the cost factor is also involved.
Why the term “Galvanic”? It is because galvanic represents the current produced by some sort of chemical action, and since we are isolating this current by breaking conductor contact it is called as Galvanic Isolation. This isolation is generally referred as Galvanic isolation. It also plays a vital role in safety by preventing fault conditions in industrial-grade products. When designing electronics products involving more than one type of signal or more than one operating voltage, isolation is used to prevent one signal from messing up the other. Have you ever wondered what prevents these high voltages from reaching out to your fingers through the buttons or casing when you touch the oven? The answer to your question is “isolation”. Besides that it also has a lower level AC voltage around 3.5V to light up the filament and a regulated DC voltage like 5V/3.3V for the digital electronics part like the display or timers to operate. An average household microwave oven operating at 110/220V AC can produce upto 2800V inside it, which is dangerously lethal.
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